Metal-working tool.



F. P. LOVEJOY. METAL WORKNG TOOL, AVPUCATION man APRi 15, 19m.

FRED P. LOVIEJY, 01E SPBNGFIELD, VERMONT.

METALTWRKING TOQL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

iillntented Sept. 5, titte.,

Application ledtpril t5, 1916. Serial No. Hlt.

To HN "1r/wm it may con/:ern:

Bc it known that i, Fano P. Love-TOY, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of l'Vindsor and State ot Vermont, haveinvented new and usetui Improvementsin Metaifililorlring Tools, ot' which the following is a speci-fica.- tion.

rthis invention relates to metal-working tools, and its object is to provide improved means tor securingr such tool or tools in a holden. i 4 i 'll'he inif'ention permits the combination ot cutting tools inode of the highest grade and most expensive steel, with a holder or hold- Qers made ot a cheaper grade ot steeigand aiiords substantially as great a degreeof rigidity as it the structure jwereintegral.

Theeoinbination permits adjustment ot the toni or tooisnreiatii'ely vtothe' holder; to compensate tor wear and resh'arpening, and, in some cases, for other purposes. i am aware that the` combination above mentioned is not hroadiy new; but the structural features of my combination, hereinafter fully described,

aii'ord advantages that are not possibie in tit) iii

`such combination structures as hitherto provided.

@t the -aecornpanyingufirawings:` Figure 1 represents oneembodiinent of my invention in, what niaybe considered a top -plan `view. in this case the toolproperis formed. for turning', andV it is shown in worrkingrey Fig. 2 represents' 'a rontvvcievation ot the tool end ot the de-` iation to a bar of stock.

vice shown in Fig. i, the tool proper being shown in the act ot turning a chip trein-thc bar of stock. Fin'. 3 represents an end eleration ot' the device as viewed from left to right with reference to Fig. Fig. i represents a sectional view in the piane *indii cated by line 4 4 ot Fig. Fig. 5 repro sents a sectioniii wiew. on a lariier'scale; in aplane'indicatcd by linei 5 'of Fig. 3, the tool proper beingy in elevation. Fig. 6 represents an eievation of the tool end ofa device embodyingF the invention in a' form suitable for boring, or for turningr internal cylindric surfaces. Fig. 7 represents a secf tional View through the structure'intersented by iine 7-7 of Fig. 6 excepting that the cutting tool isshown in end elevation.

Fig. 8 represents an eievationfgpartly insecand including' a holderl and a plurality of' yot the cutting with a tightening? ett cutting tools arranged in a series about the axis of the holder. Fig. 9 represents a section through the structure intersected by line 9-9 of Fig. 8. Fig. l0 includes a plurality of cotters in cross section, showing different arrangements of the locking ribs collectively in their relation to their respective cotters. @Cotters such as these are adapted to be used with the assemblage shown by Fig. 8, to ati'ord tine adjustment tools toward and from the axis of the holder.

The saine reference characters indicate the saine parts wherever they occur.

Referring first to the form shown by Figs.

l to the holder,- which rmay be made of;V

relatively cheap steel; is indicated at 12, and theturning toot, which may be made of relatively high grade and more expensive steel, 'l

1- The ho'ider 1&2 isV provided with a cylindric socketflt'for the reception of the vshank por- -tion 1li, and with acyiindric socket l?" intersecting the shank-receiving socket. lt will loe readily nnderstoodthat the invention is `not limited to 'ircular cross section of the shank portion it and socket 1G, the chief Consideration regarding these formations being that they shall contorni to each other and permit longitudinal movement .of the tool relatively to the holder. rihc circular cross sectioin howeveig would be the cheapest because of the simplicity otboring the socket i6 to the desired size. The' shank of the cuttingl tooi is-sccured in its socket by a cutter i8 that'mayvbe made from a cyiindric rod. The cutter provided. lith a series oit ribs i9 ar tinged to tit between and coact with some of the ribs oi. the shank portion 14. ln order to secure the cutting tool in the most rigid manner, one side the cutter is faced in a planeet a slight angie to the anis of the cotter, and theribs i9 are arranged at such angie.. The @otter isthnaptovided with the characteristic 'feature Yof a'fwedge' and acts ect upon, the cutting tool asil it is driven against 'thevlatten in the course ot driving the Cotter the tool vwill 'be turned about the anis otits sha-nit portion "to position the ribs i5 in parallei relation to l elements are assembled. Before the cotter is driven the cutting tool may be advanced or retracted relatively to the holder as much or as little as desired, Within the range of the series of ribs l5, and from time to time the longitudinal adjustment of the tool may be changed to compensate for wear and resharpening, by driving out the cotter and replacing it after the tool has been moved endwise. The fact that the ribs l5 and 19 are closely related affords as iine a degree oi. adjustment as could be desired, the minimum degree, according to the proportions shown, being about one-fifth or one-sixth of the diameter of the eotter. This fine degree of adjustmentis one of the advantages that my invention provides, over some devices hitherto provided.

rlihe essential features of the boring or turning device shown by Figs. 6 and l' are substantially the same as those of the turning device shown by Figs. l to 5, and the same reference characters are, for this reason, applied to indicate the corresponding elements and 'formations in Figs. 6 and 7. in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the Work is indicated at o, While in Fig. 6 the work is indicated at b.

The assemblage shown by Fig. 8 may he used as a milling cutter, boring head, or sizing reamer, and comprises a. tivo-part holder, a plurality of cutting tools, and a like number of cotters. The holder comprises a head 2O and a shank 2.1, the shank having a screvvfthreaded stud portion 'screwed' into the head so that the two parts are, to all intents and purposes, a unit, although they may be detached from one another. The head 20 is pi ovided with a plurality of shank-receiving sockets 23, arranged in a circular series about the axis of the holder. The Shanks Q4 of the cutting tools 25 vvare arranged in the sockets 23,' and said shanks are provided with ribs 2G in all respects substantially like the ribs lo or' the form first described. The Shanks Zai are cured in the head 20 hy cotters '27 respectively, the head being provided with sockets 28 for such cotters. The cotters 27 are provided'with locking rilosy 29 in all. respects similar to the locking ribs of cotter i8, but the cotters i7 differ one from another in the arrangement or' the rios 29 collectively or". each cotter. his difference of arrangement is shown by Fig. 10, in which three cutters are shown for the sake oi' comparison. ln Fig. l() the cot'ters are identiiicd by the signs #1, #2, #3. Broken lines intersect the centers or axes of the cotters in this figure, and are provided to show clearly in just what respect the arrangement ot the locking ribs diiiers as between the three cotters. In cotter .#11 the locking ribs are so disposed that the two that are nearest ihe center line aJ--arc equidistant from said line. In Cotter #Q the rih that is nearest the center line is at the right of' said line` while in Cotter #3 the rib that is nearest the center line is at the lett of said line. The shape, size and spacing ot the ribs are the same in all three cotters, and in other respects, excepting the aforesaid disposition of the ribs collectively, thc cotters are alike. They are interchangeable, and in consequence oi' the diiierence in the arrangement ot' locking ribs they are adapted to afford extremely fine adjustments of the cutting tools to vary the effective diameter of the assemblage. For example, if it is desired to change the adjustment oi' the several cutting tools to increase or decrease the eiifective diameter of the Whole series, cotter .#2 may he removed and replaced by eotter #1, cottcr #il may be removed and replaced by Cotter #2, and so on around the entire series in the head. rhe head as shown is designed to take twelve cutting tools, but the number of cutting tools would be optional. However, since it is designed for twelve tools, I. have taken three cotters for the basis o' comparison in Fig. 10, the difference between cotters itl, #2 and #3 affording three dili'erent adjustments within a distance equal to the space between the centers of two contig nous locking ribs. On this basis, assuming that there are lfour of cutters, and three cottcrs in each set, cottcrs #4:, :#:7 and #10 would be like Cotter :#:lf- Cotters #5, :#8 and .#11 would he like Cotter #2; and cotters #6, #9 and :Iii-12 would he like Cotter #3. It is to be understood, however, that the cotters may bc grouped otherwise than according to the explanation given, depending upon the extent of' minimum adjustment desired and upon the number of cutting tools provided.

l claim:

1. In combination, a metahcutting tool having a shank-portion, a holder therefor having a socket conforming to and adaptedr to receive said shank portion, said holder having a cylindric socket extending substantially at right angles to, and intersecting, said shanlmi'eceiving socket, and a substantially c vlintlrlc cot-ter adapted to go into said cylindric socket and engage said shankportion, said Cotter having a plurality of: closely related ribs extending at a slight angle to its axis, and said shank-portion having a series of ribs similar to those of said cotter and extending substantially at right angles to the axis of said shank-pi'irtion, said ribs of said cutter being adapted to move endwise into coperative interlocks ing relation with some of said .ribs of said shank-portion.

2. .in combination, a plurality of metalprovided with a .series of closely having` a shank-portion related rihs extending substantially at right angliea to its axis,a holder having a plurality nl s'hanlv cutting` tools each `receiving sockets arranged in a series about a' common axis, and having a plnralit.)v of cylindr'c c0ttcr-recciving sockets intcrsccting'aid shank-receiving; sockets respectively, and a plurality of cottcrs adapted to go inta said Cotter-receiving sockets, each of said cotters having-parallel ribs arranged to lit hctween and chart with .Luana nl' said rihs nl' th@l respectivo sl1anl p n-tinn. said cottura living intcrchangcallc and dill'crinf. uno fruni another, as to thc arrangcnwnt nl' thc ribs collcctii'cly, \\hcrcl -f,' thc uplrativc pnsitiuns nl Said tools relatively to aaiil hnlilcr ina?.Y ha changcil in cmiscqiiuncc of intcr changingr said cuttvrs.

ln tosiiinony whereof .l have allixcd inf.' signature.

FRED l). LUVICJUY. 

